Multiple steps of biomedical, psychological, and behavioral outcomes and measures will be used to assess the intervention effectiveness; these are discussed below. All the biomedical outcome methods will be conducted at baseline, week periods unless given in any other case 6 and 12. The measure will be studied 3 x and the average reading will be used.
Body composition including bone mass, body fat percentage, and muscle mass will be measured using the complete-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA, Lunar Prodigy; Lunar, Madison, WI, USA). Individuals will be asked to lie on the bed through the DEXA scanning without metal or jewelry clothing. DEXA scans will be performed at baseline and 12 weeks. The dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry machine will be calibrated and a phantom scan undertaken daily.
A variety of behavioural outcome actions will be studied at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks, unless specified otherwise. The 24-item Bailey Dietary Screening Questionnaire will be utilizing to recognize nutritional risk. Three degrees of nutritional risk include: in danger, possible risk, and not in danger. Sensitively measures indicate that 83% of individuals were correctly categorized as positive by the screening tool. Specificity measures indicated 75% of individuals correctly classified as negative by the screening tool.
An example item from the questionnaire is: “how often do you usually eat fruits as a snack? ” Participants are asked to respond on a Likert scale ranging from 0 (never) to 4 (3 or even more times a week). An 18-item version of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire, (TFEQ-R18), will be utilized to measure eating behavior analyzing three cognitive and behavioral domains of eating; included in these are cognitive restraint, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating.
An example of something within the psychological eating range includes “I start to eat when I feel anxious”. That response occurs on a 4-point Likert level from 1 (definitely true) to 4 (definitely fake). Before each medical clinic visit, individuals will complete a 3 consecutive day record of their physical activity and dietary intake.
Participants will record a task code from 1 to 9 that corresponds to the physical exercise completed during each five tiny period; the time and activity of physical exercise is recorded thus. In addition, participants will record their belief about the accuracy of their physical exercise log. The exercise log information shall be assessed by examining energy expenses. Each activity code relates to various degrees of Metabolic Equivalent. At week 6 and 12 Self-reported treatment-conformity questions were also included. The 5 items will be utilized as a way of measuring the participant’s self-reported compliance to the behavior changes of dietary intake and physical activity.
For example, “on average, during the past 6 weeks, how often did you take part in at least 30 minutes of planned exercise?” with item reactions which range from 1 to 7 days/week or Always) to 5 (Never). Participants will be instructed to complete the defined psychological steps before and after viewing the video display intervention unless specified otherwise.
Variables from the HAPA will be measured to evaluate the emotional mediators that may describe the effects of the intervention on the behavioral and biomedical final results. Risk belief will be assessed using four items on the 6-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree, much lower, improbable) to 6 (don’t know/refused) to measure the perceived threat of developing weight problems related risk factors. ” Maintenance self-efficacy will be measured using 18 items on a 5-point Likert size which ranges from 1 (not confident) to 5 (completely assured) to measure barriers to engage in the suggested physical exercise or diet guidelines.
- Practice rest techniques
- Citrus Fruits
- 2 medium-sized Sweet Potatoes (or Yams)
- Ethnicity (23)
Motivation will be assessed at baseline by requesting participants to respond to six items that question inspiration to participate in exercise and change their diet. For instance, “how motivated is one to change your diet on every individual occasion over another 12 weeks?” Item responses are based on a 6-point Likert range ranging from 1 (never motivated, no work at all) to 6 (extremely motivated, all my work).
In addition four items exploring engagement in mental imagery exercises will be utilized. Individuals will be asked to indicate the known level to that they could actually envision the task. For example, “to what extent did you visualize in your thoughts (imagine) exactly how you might achieve your diet goals (example, consuming fewer calories each day) on each individual occasion over the next 6 weeks?” The things are on a 6-point Likert size ranging from 1 (indicating didn’t imagine), to 6 (indicating obviously dreamed).